From PhillipsWiki

Documenting your sources (aka the citation process) can be broken down into two main steps:

• Referencing your sources as you write -- Typically this is done using footnotes, endnotes, or an -"in-text" (parenthetical) style.
• Constructing a Bibliography -- Providing your readers with a list of all the works you used in [putting together your project/paper.

Remember that the two steps work together. If you have a footnote or in-text citation to a particular source -- it should appear in your bibliography (and vice-versa).

Overview to Chicago/Turabian Styles

Although many people differentiate between Chicago and Turabian styles, they are, in fact, very similar. The Chicago Manual of Style is a complex and complete set of rules for writing and documenting sources. The Turabian style, as documented by A Manual for Writers is the "authoritative student resource on 'Chicago Style.'" However, Turabian style is not a shortened or incomplete version of Chicago Style. Rather, it is the resource for students writing papers and dissertations not writers interested in publishing materials. The preface and introduction to the 7th edition of A Manual for Writers is a good place to read more about the similarities between the two styles. In both Chicago and Turabian, students can use one of two different methods for documenting their sources:

Notes/Bibliography Method

• Typically used by the Humanities and some Social Science disciplines
• Uses footnotes or endnotes in the body of the paper to signal when you are using another person's ideas and/or words.
• The final page is marked Bibliography and includes all the items which you cited as well as all the works which you consulted (but did not cite)

Guide and Examples for Notes Style

Parenthetical/Reference List Style

• Preferred for the Natural/Physical sciences
• Uses parenthetical citations and signal phrases to alert readers to a citation
• The final page is labeled Reference List and includes all the items which you cited as well as all the works which you consulted (but did not cite).

Guide and Examples for Parenthetical Style

Additional Resources

The websites listed below are an excellent sources for more information as well as some more complete guides on constructing citations.

Notes/Bibliography Style

• Diana Hacker's guide to Citing Sources - An easy to use, comprehensive resource from the author of the Writer's Reference.
• Monash University's Tutorial - An excellent resource for learning how to construct the footnotes and Bibliography. Also includes many great examples of types of citations.
• Nuts and Bolts Guide to Chicago Style - A great introduction to Chicago style. not only does it include great help for citations, it also includes information on title pages, page numbers, typeface, etc...

Parenthetical/Reference List Style

• Georgetown's Guide to parenthetical style - Help from the Georgetown library on using Turabian's Parenthetical style.
• University of Maryland's Help - Similar to Georgetown's guide, this offers advice on how to cite particular examples of sources.

Citation Tools

• The Landmark Project's Citation Machine This tool, although not perfect, will produce citations in the proper format when you enter the citation elements (author, title, etc...)
• RefWorks RefWorks is a bibliographic management tool that helps you organize and format your citations. It works with many of the databases that the OWHL purchases. Click here for an A to Z list of databases. In order to use it, you will need to open a free account. See a librarian for additional help.